pycontrails.physics.constants¶

Meteorological, thermophysical, and aircraft constants.

Module Attributes

`absolute_zero`	Absolute zero value \([C]\)
`g`	Gravitational acceleration \([m \ s^{-2}]\)
`radius_earth`	Radius of Earth \([m]\)
`surface_area_earth`	Surface area of Earth \([m^2]\)
`h_tropopause`	ISA height of the tropopause \([m]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]
`seconds_per_year`	Seconds in a Julian year \([s]\)
`p_surface`	Surface pressure, international standard atmosphere \([Pa]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]
`c_pd`	Isobaric heat capacity of dry air \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`c_pv`	Isobaric heat capacity of water vapor \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`M_d`	Molar mass of dry air \([kg \ mol^{-1}]\)
`M_v`	Molar mass of water \([kg \ mol^{-1}]\)
`gamma`	which heat capacities?
`R`	molar gas constant \([J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`R_d`	Gas constant of dry air \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`R_v`	Gas constant of water vapour \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`epsilon`	Ratio of gas constant for dry air / gas constant for water vapor
`rho_ice`	Density of ice \([kg \ m^{-3}]\)
`kappa`	Adiabatic index air
`rho_msl`	Standard atmospheric density at mean sea level (MSL) \([kg \ m^{-3}]\)
`T_msl`	Standard atmospheric temperature at mean sea level (MSL) \([K]\)
`c_msl`	Speed of sound at mean sea level (MSL) in standard atmosphere \([m \ s^{-1}]\)
`T_lapse_rate`	The rate at which the ISA ambient temperature falls with altitude \([K \ m^{-1}]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]
`solar_constant`	Average incident solar radiation, \([W \ m^{-2}]\) This value can range +/- 3% as the earth orbits the sun.
`c_p_combustion`	Isobaric heat capacity of combustion products \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)
`mu_ice`	Real refractive index of ice
`lambda_light`	Wavelength of visible light (550 nm)
`c_r`	Ratio between the volume mean radius and the effective radius (Uncertainty +- 0.3)
`nominal_rocd`	Nominal rate of climb/descent of aircraft [\(m \ s^{-1}\)].

pycontrails.physics.constants.M_d = 0.0289647¶: Molar mass of dry air \([kg \ mol^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.M_v = 0.0180153¶: Molar mass of water \([kg \ mol^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.R = 8.314462618¶: molar gas constant \([J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.R_d = 287.05¶: Gas constant of dry air \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.R_v = 461.51¶: Gas constant of water vapour \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.T_lapse_rate = -0.0065¶: The rate at which the ISA ambient temperature falls with altitude \([K \ m^{-1}]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]

pycontrails.physics.constants.T_msl = 288.15¶: Standard atmospheric temperature at mean sea level (MSL) \([K]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.absolute_zero = -273.15¶: Absolute zero value \([C]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.c_msl = 340.294¶: Speed of sound at mean sea level (MSL) in standard atmosphere \([m \ s^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.c_p_combustion = 1250.0¶: Isobaric heat capacity of combustion products \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.c_pd = 1004.0¶: Isobaric heat capacity of dry air \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.c_pv = 1870.0¶: Isobaric heat capacity of water vapor \([J \ kg^{-1} \ K^{-1}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.c_r = 0.9¶: Ratio between the volume mean radius and the effective radius (Uncertainty +- 0.3)

pycontrails.physics.constants.epsilon = 0.6219800221013629¶: Ratio of gas constant for dry air / gas constant for water vapor

pycontrails.physics.constants.g = 9.80665¶: Gravitational acceleration \([m \ s^{-2}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.gamma = 1.4¶

which heat capacities?

Type:: Ratio of heat capacities, TODO

pycontrails.physics.constants.h_tropopause = 11000.0¶: ISA height of the tropopause \([m]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]

pycontrails.physics.constants.kappa = 1.4¶: Adiabatic index air

pycontrails.physics.constants.lambda_light = 5.5e-07¶: Wavelength of visible light (550 nm)

pycontrails.physics.constants.mu_ice = 1.31¶: Real refractive index of ice

pycontrails.physics.constants.nominal_rocd = 12.7¶: Nominal rate of climb/descent of aircraft [\(m \ s^{-1}\)]. Note [\(12.7 m \ s^{-1} = 2500 ft \ min^{-1}\)].

pycontrails.physics.constants.p_surface = 101325.0¶: Surface pressure, international standard atmosphere \([Pa]\) [Wikipedia contributors, 2023]

pycontrails.physics.constants.radius_earth = 6371229.0¶: Radius of Earth \([m]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.rho_ice = 917.0¶: Density of ice \([kg \ m^{-3}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.rho_msl = 1.225¶: Standard atmospheric density at mean sea level (MSL) \([kg \ m^{-3}]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.seconds_per_year = 31557600.0¶: Seconds in a Julian year \([s]\)

pycontrails.physics.constants.solar_constant = 1361.0¶: Average incident solar radiation, \([W \ m^{-2}]\) This value can range +/- 3% as the earth orbits the sun. From [Laboratory, 2022] citing [Paltridge et al., 1976]

pycontrails.physics.constants.surface_area_earth = 510072000000000.0¶: Surface area of Earth \([m^2]\)